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ESSLLI 2025

Course on Temporal Logics


August 04 - 08, 2025

Last update: December 12, 2024, 12.00 CEST
Mail to V.Goranko

ESSLLI 2025

Lecturer: Valentin Goranko

Tentative course plan and schedule

Not a final version. Updates will be made before and during the course.

Lecture 1

Date 04/08/2025

Main Topics

Introduction to the course. Reasoning about time. Brief history and philosophical origins of temporal reasoning and logics. Tense and modality.

Models of time flows. Prior's basic temporal logic and some extensions.

Recommended readings

Valentin Goranko and Antje Rumberg, Temporal Logic, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Sections 2-3

Valentin Goranko, Temporal Logics, Cambridge University Press, 2023. Chapters 1,2

Peter Øhrstrøm and Per Hasle, Future Contingents, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

P. Øhrstrøm and Per Hasle, Temporal Logic: From Ancient Ideas to Artificial Intelligence. Kluwer, 1995. Reprinted by Springer. Chapters 1.1, 1.2

Supplementary readings

John Burgess, Philosophical Logic, Princeton University Press, 2009. Ch.2: Temporal Logic (2.1-2.8)

P. Øhrstrøm and Per Hasle, Temporal Logic: From Ancient Ideas to Artificial Intelligence. Kluwer, 1995. Reprinted by Springer. Chapters 2.1, 2.2

B. Jack Copeland, Arthur Prior, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

J. van Benthem, Tense logic and time. Notre Dame J. Formal Logic 25 (1984), no. 1, 1--16.

See additional readings at the bottom of this page.

Slides:

Slides on Lecture 1

Exercises

Provided on request

Lecture 2

Date 05/08/2025

Main Topics

Temporal logics over linear time flows.

Additional temporal operators: Nexttime, Since and Until.

The linear time temporal logic LTL.

Recommended readings

Valentin Goranko and Antje Rumberg, Temporal Logic, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Sections 4,5

Valentin Goranko, Temporal Logics, Cambridge University Press, 2023. Chapter 4

P. Øhrstrøm and Per Hasle, Temporal Logic: From Ancient Ideas to Artificial Intelligence. Kluwer, 1995. Reprinted by Springer. Chapters 2.5, 2.8

M. Huth and M. Ryan, Logic in Computer Science modelling and reasoning about systems, CUP, 2004. 2nd ed. Section 3.2

S. Demri, V. Goranko, M. Lange: Temporal Logics in Computer Science, CUP, 2016, Chapter 6.1

Supplementary readings

Yde Venema, Temporal Logic, chapter in: Lou Goble (ed), Blackwell Guide on Philosophical Logic, Blackwell Publishers, 2001, pp 203-211

Rob Goldblatt, Logics of Time and Computations, CSLI pubblications, 2nd revised and expanded edition, 1992. Chapters 6, 8.

Burgess, J., 1984, “Basic tense logic”, in Gabbay and Guenthner (eds.), Handbook of Philosophical Logic (Volume 2), Dordrecht: Reidel, pp. 89–133. New revised edition in: Handbook of Philosophical Logic , 2nd edition, Volume 7, Gabbay and Guenthner (eds.) (2002), pp. 1–42.

S. Demri, V. Goranko, M. Lange: Temporal Logics in Computer Science, CUP, 2016, Chapter 6: 6.2.1, 6.3.1, 6.8

See additional readings at the bottom of this page.

Slides:

Slides on Lecture 2

Exercises

Lecture 3

Date 06/08/2025

Main Topics

Historical necessity and Diodorus' Master Argument. Possible solutions.

Models of branching time and historical necessity.

Recommended readings

Valentin Goranko and Antje Rumberg, Temporal Logic, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Section 5

Valentin Goranko, Temporal Logics, Cambridge University Press, 2023. Chapter 5

Also, see the following articles in: Journal of Philosophical Studies, vol. 8, 2009 (Special issue on "Models of Time"):
-- Alberto Zanardo, Modalities in Temporal Logic;
-- Peter Øhrstrøm, In Defence of the Thin Red Line: A Case for Ockhamism;
-- Nicholas Denyer, Diodorus Cronus: Modality, The Master Argument and Formalisation

Supplementary readings

Jorge Luis Borges, The Garden of Forking Paths, 1941

A.N. Prior. Time and Determinism, and The Search for the Diodorean Modal System, in: Past, Present and Future. Oxford University Press, 1967

P. Øhrstrøm, Towards a Common Language for the Discussion of Time Based on Prior’s Tense Logic, in: Time and Time Perception, Springer LNAI 6789, pp. 46–57, 2011.

Thomas M ̈uller, Time and Determinism, J Philos Logic (2015) 44:729–740.

S. Demri, V. Goranko, M. Lange: Temporal Logics in Computer Science, CUP, 2016, Chapter 7: 7.1, 7.5

See additional readings at the bottom of this page.

Slides:

Slides on Lecture 3

(Only covered up to p.17 in this lecture)

Exercises

Provided on request

Lecture 4

Date 07/08/2025

Main Topics

The Ockhamist and the Peircean branching time temporal logics. Computation tree logics CTL and CTL*

Recommended readings

Valentin Goranko and Antje Rumberg, Temporal Logic, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Section 5

Valentin Goranko, Temporal Logics, Cambridge University Press, 2023. Chapters 6,7

Supplementary readings

S. Demri, V. Goranko, M. Lange: Temporal Logics in Computer Science, CUP, 2016, Chapter 7

Slides:

Slides on Lecture 3-4 (complete and slightly revised and extended version of the previously posted slides on Lecture 3)

Exercises

Provided on request

Lecture 5

Date 08/08/2025

Main Topics

1. Brief mention of:

1.1 Hybrid temporal logics.

1.2 Interval-based temporal logics on linear time flows.

1.3 Metric and real-time temporal logics.

1.4 Temporal epistemic logics.

2. First-order temporal logics.

Conclusion of the course.

Recommended readings

Valentin Goranko and Antje Rumberg, Temporal Logic, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Sections 7.1, 7.2, 8, 9.1

Valentin Goranko, Temporal Logics, Cambridge University Press, 2023. Chapters 8,9

Torben Braüner, Hybrid Logics, Temporal Logic, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

D. Della Monica, V. Goranko, A. Montanari, G. Sciavicco: Interval Temporal Logics: A Journey, Bull. of the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science (BEATCS), No. 105, October 2011, pp 73-99.

R. Fagin, J. Halpern, Y. Moses, M. Vardi, Reasoning About Knowledge, MIT Press, 1995. Chapter 4, pages 109-162

John Burgess, Philosophical Logic, Princeton University Press, 2009. Ch.2: Temporal Logic, Section 2.9

R. Fagin, J. Halpern, Y. Moses, M. Vardi, Reasoning About Knowledge, MIT Press, 1995. Chapter 4, pages 109-162

Supplementary readings

Carlos Areces and Balder ten Cate, Hybrid Logics, Chapter in the Handbook of Modal Logic

Valentin Goranko: Hierarchies of Modal and Temporal Logics with Reference Pointers, Journal of Logic, Language and Information, 5(1), 1996, 1-24.

J. Halpern, R. van der Meyden, M. Vardi, Complete Axiomatizations for Reasoning about Knowledge and Time, SIAM Journal on Computing, 2004, Vol. 33, No. 3 : pp. 674-703

Ron van der Meyden and Ka-shu Wong, Complete Axiomatizations for Reasoning about Knowledge and Branching Time, Studia Logica October 2003, Volume 75, Issue 1, pp 93–123

Fred Kröger, First-Order Temporal Logic, Chapter in: Temporal Logic of Programs, EATCS Monographs on Theoretical Computer Science, vol. 8, pp 43-53

Nuel Belnap and Thomas Mueller, CIFOL: Case-Intensional First Order Logic (I). Toward a Theory of Sorts, J. Philos Logic (2014) 43:393–437

Slides

Slides on Lecture 5: Capita selecta

Slides on Lecture 5: First-order temporal logics

Supplementary slides:

Supplementary slides on Interval-based Temporal Logics

Supplementary slides on Temporal Epistemic Logics

Exercises

Provided on request

Additional readings

Queries

If you have any queries on the information above, talk to me or send me an email.

Mail to V.Goranko